Imaging is a keystone in understanding and delivery of craniofacial health care. Recent developments in imaging have brought forth many diverse technologies and approaches. Following the invention of the first computed tomography (CT) scanner in the early 1970s, many innovations in three-dimensional (3D) diagnostic imaging technology have occurred, leading to a wide range of applications in medicine, dentistry and in addition to craniofacial clinical practice and research.

Advances in craniofacial medical imaging, provide superior and more detailed information compared with conventional plain (2D) radiography. Current state-of-the-art multidetector CT (MDCT), also known as medical CT, has an important role in diagnosis and management of craniofacial injuries and pathology. In recent years, 3D printing (additive manufacturing) have provided new possibilities to visualize complex radiological data through the generation of 3D reconstruction physical models that can be used to assist with diagnosis, surgical planning, prosthesis design, and patient communication. It also allowed the design of custom-made implants based on computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM). The production of implant commences by capturing a 3D craniofacial data from craniofacial medical imaging CT scan. The virtual 3D model of the implant is then constructed via CAD software before transforming into a real model through 3D printing.