Differentiating among a wide range of oral and maxillofacial lesions can be challenging, particularly when diverse cystic, fibro-osseous, inflammatory, and neoplastic conditions present with overlapping radiographic features. This interactive seminar is designed to support learners in navigating these complexities by guiding them through a stepwise diagnostic reasoning process that incorporates multiple potential lesion categories. Using real clinical cases, participants are first encouraged to consider a broad differential list and then progressively refine it as additional imaging findings and clinical details are introduced. Real-time polling and brief group discussions allow learners to test their diagnostic hypotheses and receive immediate feedback that emphasizes key distinguishing characteristics across lesion groups. By engaging in this iterative process, participants practice recognizing radiographic patterns, evaluating clinical relevance, and weighing competing possibilities—skills essential for effective differential diagnosis. The seminar ultimately aims to help learners approach multifaceted diagnostic scenarios with greater confidence and clarity, promoting a more integrated and clinically grounded understanding of oral and maxillofacial pathology.